Photodecomposition of Kraft Lignin Catalyzed by Titanium Dioxide

Photodecomposition of Water Catalyzed by Zr- and Ti-MCM-41

Experiences of Kraft Lignin Functionalization by Enzymatic and Chemical Oxidation

Linear hydrophilic derivatives are expected to soften lignin and improve its utilization in composite applications. Oxidation by means of laccase in the presence of oxygen was employed in an attempt to functionalize commercial kraft lignin by vanillic acid-PEG ester and ether derivatives. Thielavia arenaria and Melanocarpus albomyces laccases at pH 6 and 8 were used. According to O2 consumption...

Lignin Separation from Kraft Black Liquors by Tangential Ultrafiltration

I n chemical pulping a large part of the wood is dissolved during digestion. The dry matter content of the generated black liquor is typically 12 to 18 wt% [1, 2]. In the case of kraft black liquors four main groups of organic constituents are present, 30-45 wt% ligneous material, 25-35 wt% saccharinic acids, about 10 wt% formic and acetic acid, and 3-5 wt% extractives. It also contains about 1...

Structural Characterization of Kraft Lignin for Its Green Utilization

Laboratory-obtained kraft lignins have been studied via elemental analysis (EA), 1H-NMR, FTIR, GPC to analyse the chemical structure. The kraft lignins were subjected to oxidation with H2O2 using Co(salen) as a biomimetic catalyst at mild condition (80oC, 240 min). The kraft lignins isolated from eucalyptus (EKL) and bamboo (BKL) had a low hydroxyl (oxygen) contents, a low molecular weights (~3...

Mucin Secretion Induced by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Nanoparticle (NP) exposure has been closely associated with the exacerbation and pathophysiology of many respiratory diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and asthma. Mucus hypersecretion and accumulation in the airway are major clinical manifestations commonly found in these diseases. Among a broad spectrum of NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), one of the PM10 components, ...